Top 200 institutions in Earth & Environmental Sciences by multilateral collaboration score (MCS)
The table shows leading institutions ranked by their multilateral collaboration score (MCS) in Earth and environmental sciences from 2015 to 2017. Also listed are the domestic and international MCS for each institution, as well as the number of collaborating partners for each institution (# Bilateral collaborations 2015–2017).
* Click on column headers to sort
| 1 | Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) | China | 500.95 | 331.65 | 832.61 | 1,152 |
| 2 | French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) | France | 383.29 | 258.56 | 641.85 | 1,738 |
| 3 | National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) | United States of America (USA) | 468.93 | 121.88 | 590.80 | 937 |
| 4 | Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres | Germany | 175.58 | 372.26 | 547.84 | 1,354 |
| 5 | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) | United States of America (USA) | 302.61 | 77.71 | 380.31 | 818 |
| 6 | California Institute of Technology (Caltech) | United States of America (USA) | 241.36 | 110.46 | 351.82 | 767 |
| 7 | Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich) | Switzerland | 96.87 | 239.34 | 336.22 | 764 |
| 8 | University of Colorado Boulder (CU-Boulder) | United States of America (USA) | 255.86 | 77.36 | 333.22 | 785 |
| 9 | U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) | United States of America (USA) | 229.72 | 55.99 | 285.71 | 764 |
| 10 | University of California Berkeley (UC Berkeley) | United States of America (USA) | 179.63 | 94.45 | 274.08 | 778 |
| 11 | Columbia University in the City of New York (CU) | United States of America (USA) | 160.15 | 88.63 | 248.78 | 778 |
| 12 | Nanjing University (NJU) | China | 156.25 | 92.11 | 248.36 | 448 |
| 13 | University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) | United States of America (USA) | 133.82 | 74.48 | 208.30 | 622 |
| 14 | University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) | China | 176.63 | 30.95 | 207.58 | 308 |
| 15 | Stanford University | United States of America (USA) | 135.16 | 71.42 | 206.58 | 636 |
| 16 | University of Washington (UW) | United States of America (USA) | 133.39 | 73.11 | 206.50 | 662 |
| 17 | Peking University (PKU) | China | 94.60 | 100.53 | 195.13 | 489 |
| 18 | University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego) | United States of America (USA) | 112.57 | 78.11 | 190.69 | 594 |
| 19 | Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) | United States of America (USA) | 107.98 | 77.51 | 185.49 | 568 |
| 20 | National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) | United States of America (USA) | 118.10 | 67.19 | 185.29 | 461 |
| 21 | University of Maryland, College Park (UMCP) | United States of America (USA) | 118.54 | 56.35 | 174.89 | 686 |
| 22 | Institute of Research for Development (IRD) | France | 106.99 | 64.59 | 171.57 | 977 |
| 23 | The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin) | United States of America (USA) | 111.11 | 58.56 | 169.68 | 665 |
| 24 | Tongji University | China | 115.92 | 43.98 | 159.90 | 295 |
| 25 | University of Michigan (U-M) | United States of America (USA) | 111.12 | 43.77 | 154.89 | 505 |
| 26 | The University of Tokyo (UTokyo) | Japan | 90.11 | 63.34 | 153.44 | 467 |
| 27 | Utrecht University (UU) | Netherlands | 34.62 | 117.74 | 152.36 | 684 |
| 28 | Harvard University | United States of America (USA) | 103.67 | 47.95 | 151.62 | 671 |
| 29 | University of Oxford | United Kingdom (UK) | 56.05 | 90.59 | 146.64 | 770 |
| 30 | Max Planck Society | Germany | 50.89 | 93.27 | 144.17 | 887 |
| 31 | Tsinghua University (TH) | China | 81.91 | 58.61 | 140.52 | 424 |
| 32 | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) | United States of America (USA) | 88.62 | 49.67 | 138.29 | 376 |
| 33 | Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) | United States of America (USA) | 105.13 | 31.86 | 136.99 | 372 |
| 34 | Imperial College London (ICL) | United Kingdom (UK) | 36.08 | 100.44 | 136.53 | 701 |
| 35 | University of Leeds | United Kingdom (UK) | 56.05 | 79.10 | 135.14 | 699 |
| 36 | University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison) | United States of America (USA) | 99.80 | 34.47 | 134.26 | 650 |
| 37 | University of Minnesota (UMN) | United States of America (USA) | 78.87 | 55.11 | 133.99 | 651 |
| 38 | Princeton University | United States of America (USA) | 90.00 | 41.72 | 131.72 | 441 |
| 39 | Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) | Spain | 50.39 | 81.11 | 131.50 | 902 |
| 40 | The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) | United States of America (USA) | 84.98 | 43.08 | 128.06 | 525 |
| 41 | Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) | United States of America (USA) | 68.96 | 58.61 | 127.58 | 425 |
| 42 | University of Hawai'i at Manoa (UH Mānoa) | United States of America (USA) | 58.74 | 65.87 | 124.61 | 488 |
| 43 | University of Bristol (UoB) | United Kingdom (UK) | 47.97 | 76.35 | 124.32 | 486 |
| 44 | University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) | China | 79.38 | 44.55 | 123.93 | 205 |
| 45 | Paris Diderot University (Paris 7) | France | 82.32 | 41.08 | 123.40 | 524 |
| 46 | China University of Geosciences (CUG) | China | 48.32 | 74.63 | 122.95 | 274 |
| 47 | Yale University | United States of America (USA) | 64.14 | 58.41 | 122.55 | 556 |
| 48 | Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG) | Switzerland | 64.43 | 56.49 | 120.92 | 361 |
| 49 | University of Cambridge | United Kingdom (UK) | 38.07 | 76.86 | 114.92 | 666 |
| 50 | Arizona State University (ASU) | United States of America (USA) | 74.38 | 40.48 | 114.87 | 407 |
| 51 | University of Toronto (U of T) | Canada | 28.37 | 85.92 | 114.29 | 403 |
| 52 | The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) | Australia | 54.12 | 59.63 | 113.75 | 709 |
| 53 | The University of Arizona (Arizona) | United States of America (USA) | 77.95 | 34.32 | 112.27 | 545 |
| 54 | National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) | Italy | 48.28 | 63.65 | 111.93 | 289 |
| 55 | Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) | United States of America (USA) | 85.57 | 24.79 | 110.36 | 343 |
| 56 | Oregon State University (OSU) | United States of America (USA) | 78.93 | 30.78 | 109.71 | 546 |
| 57 | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) | United States of America (USA) | 86.24 | 21.96 | 108.20 | 359 |
| 58 | Leibniz Association | Germany | 43.17 | 64.38 | 107.55 | 853 |
| 59 | Australian National University (ANU) | Australia | 23.44 | 83.15 | 106.59 | 590 |
| 60 | The University of Queensland (UQ) | Australia | 35.72 | 70.12 | 105.84 | 540 |
| 61 | Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) | Japan | 71.67 | 33.86 | 105.54 | 479 |
| 62 | University of New South Wales (UNSW) | Australia | 35.26 | 69.24 | 104.50 | 403 |
| 63 | Carnegie Institution for Science (CIS) | United States of America (USA) | 63.61 | 40.72 | 104.33 | 368 |
| 64 | University of California Irvine (UCI) | United States of America (USA) | 64.28 | 40.00 | 104.28 | 511 |
| 65 | Beijing Normal University (BNU) | China | 69.06 | 34.60 | 103.65 | 321 |
| 66 | China Meteorological Administration (CMA) | China | 67.32 | 34.03 | 101.34 | 252 |
| 67 | Texas A&M University (TAMU) | United States of America (USA) | 65.76 | 35.12 | 100.89 | 573 |
| 68 | University of California Davis (UC Davis) | United States of America (USA) | 60.96 | 38.42 | 99.38 | 459 |
| 69 | University of Copenhagen (UCPH) | Denmark | 14.35 | 84.14 | 98.49 | 670 |
| 70 | Colorado State University | United States of America (USA) | 72.16 | 25.66 | 97.82 | 482 |
| 71 | University of Alberta (U of A) | Canada | 25.68 | 71.01 | 96.69 | 475 |
| 72 | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) | United States of America (USA) | 62.90 | 30.74 | 93.64 | 336 |
| 73 | Johns Hopkins University (JHU) | United States of America (USA) | 64.98 | 28.20 | 93.17 | 412 |
| 74 | Stockholm University | Sweden | 32.70 | 60.30 | 92.99 | 506 |
| 75 | The University of Chicago (UChicago) | United States of America (USA) | 58.07 | 32.20 | 90.27 | 439 |
| 76 | Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC) - Paris 6 | France | 53.27 | 36.80 | 90.07 | 749 |
| 77 | University College London (UCL) | United Kingdom (UK) | 32.98 | 56.90 | 89.88 | 727 |
| 78 | Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) | Canada | 49.92 | 38.56 | 88.48 | 380 |
| 79 | Nanyang Technological University (NTU) | Singapore | 7.22 | 80.98 | 88.21 | 291 |
| 80 | Tohoku University | Japan | 50.88 | 36.53 | 87.41 | 351 |
| 81 | Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST) | China | 46.10 | 40.56 | 86.66 | 246 |
| 82 | University of Oslo (UiO) | Norway | 13.09 | 72.91 | 86.00 | 457 |
| 83 | University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) | United States of America (USA) | 61.03 | 23.72 | 84.75 | 409 |
| 84 | University of Florida (UF) | United States of America (USA) | 48.07 | 36.49 | 84.56 | 535 |
| 85 | University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB) | United States of America (USA) | 57.36 | 26.94 | 84.31 | 497 |
| 86 | University of Bremen (Uni Bremen) | Germany | 31.54 | 52.75 | 84.29 | 406 |
| 87 | University of Southampton (Soton) | United Kingdom (UK) | 46.43 | 35.15 | 81.58 | 441 |
| 88 | The University of Edinburgh | United Kingdom (UK) | 36.81 | 43.23 | 80.03 | 506 |
| 89 | Monash University | Australia | 36.79 | 42.76 | 79.55 | 357 |
| 90 | Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) | Russia | 10.44 | 67.08 | 77.52 | 529 |
| 91 | NERC National Oceanography Centre (NOC) | United Kingdom (UK) | 48.62 | 27.29 | 75.90 | 327 |
| 92 | Curtin University | Australia | 27.57 | 48.17 | 75.74 | 356 |
| 93 | Zhejiang University (ZJU) | China | 33.97 | 41.63 | 75.61 | 170 |
| 94 | Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) | United States of America (USA) | 58.85 | 16.73 | 75.58 | 385 |
| 95 | Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) | Switzerland | 37.63 | 37.49 | 75.12 | 244 |
| 96 | Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) | United States of America (USA) | 48.47 | 26.49 | 74.96 | 357 |
| 97 | University of Exeter | United Kingdom (UK) | 35.88 | 38.88 | 74.76 | 581 |
| 98 | Duke University | United States of America (USA) | 52.02 | 22.44 | 74.47 | 496 |
| 99 | McGill University | Canada | 21.02 | 53.39 | 74.42 | 452 |
| 100 | University of Reading | United Kingdom (UK) | 46.85 | 27.16 | 74.01 | 374 |
| 101 | The University of Iowa (UI) | United States of America (USA) | 52.37 | 20.47 | 72.83 | 231 |
| 102 | University of Bern | Switzerland | 15.80 | 55.84 | 71.64 | 536 |
| 103 | University of California Riverside (UCR) | United States of America (USA) | 44.44 | 26.57 | 71.01 | 292 |
| 104 | Technical University of Denmark (DTU) | Denmark | 15.41 | 55.10 | 70.51 | 383 |
| 105 | Smithsonian Institution | United States of America (USA) | 52.32 | 17.35 | 69.66 | 671 |
| 106 | China Earthquake Administration (CEA) | China | 25.59 | 43.92 | 69.51 | 197 |
| 107 | U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) | United States of America (USA) | 55.82 | 13.16 | 68.98 | 353 |
| 108 | Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) | Netherlands | 25.57 | 43.17 | 68.74 | 242 |
| 109 | Kyoto University | Japan | 41.78 | 26.76 | 68.55 | 377 |
| 110 | Durham University | United Kingdom (UK) | 26.88 | 41.64 | 68.52 | 396 |
| 111 | Brown University | United States of America (USA) | 53.70 | 14.73 | 68.43 | 255 |
| 112 | Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (RU) | United States of America (USA) | 44.41 | 23.31 | 67.72 | 399 |
| 113 | University of Utah (Utah) | United States of America (USA) | 45.44 | 21.51 | 66.94 | 299 |
| 114 | Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL) | United States of America (USA) | 45.76 | 21.15 | 66.91 | 310 |
| 115 | The University of British Columbia (UBC) | Canada | 15.07 | 50.68 | 65.75 | 465 |
| 116 | Ghent University (UGent) | Belgium | 19.10 | 46.34 | 65.43 | 265 |
| 117 | The Ohio State University (OSU) | United States of America (USA) | 48.44 | 16.33 | 64.77 | 299 |
| 118 | Hokkaido University | Japan | 36.55 | 27.98 | 64.53 | 269 |
| 119 | Cornell University | United States of America (USA) | 42.10 | 22.38 | 64.48 | 555 |
| 120 | University of Southern California (USC) | United States of America (USA) | 39.33 | 24.95 | 64.28 | 224 |
| 121 | Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies Commission (CEA) | France | 32.43 | 30.85 | 63.28 | 554 |
| 122 | Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU) | China | 40.74 | 22.30 | 63.05 | 237 |
| 123 | The University of Oklahoma (OU) | United States of America (USA) | 34.76 | 26.97 | 61.73 | 300 |
| 124 | Wageningen UR (University & Research Centre) | Netherlands | 24.71 | 36.52 | 61.23 | 611 |
| 125 | National Research Council (CNR) | Italy | 29.48 | 31.68 | 61.16 | 560 |
| 126 | The University of Western Australia (UWA) | Australia | 31.79 | 28.91 | 60.70 | 476 |
| 127 | The University of Hong Kong (HKU) | China | 34.21 | 25.84 | 60.05 | 208 |
| 128 | Rice University | United States of America (USA) | 29.70 | 30.30 | 60.00 | 237 |
| 129 | Purdue University | United States of America (USA) | 36.28 | 23.03 | 59.31 | 378 |
| 130 | University of Helsinki | Finland | 17.24 | 41.30 | 58.54 | 435 |
| 131 | University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) | United States of America (USA) | 39.42 | 19.04 | 58.46 | 475 |
| 132 | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) | United States of America (USA) | 47.23 | 10.83 | 58.07 | 253 |
| 133 | Grenoble Alpes University (UGA) | France | 35.24 | 22.54 | 57.78 | 403 |
| 134 | Aarhus University (AU) | Denmark | 11.06 | 46.63 | 57.69 | 512 |
| 135 | U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) | United States of America (USA) | 42.67 | 14.78 | 57.46 | 482 |
| 136 | University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) | United States of America (USA) | 30.01 | 26.61 | 56.62 | 294 |
| 137 | Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) | China | 32.79 | 23.38 | 56.17 | 133 |
| 138 | University of Miami (UM) | United States of America (USA) | 43.15 | 12.79 | 55.94 | 266 |
| 139 | University of Potsdam | Germany | 27.38 | 28.19 | 55.57 | 318 |
| 140 | The University of Manchester (UoM) | United Kingdom (UK) | 25.52 | 29.69 | 55.21 | 352 |
| 141 | University of Bayreuth (UBT) | Germany | 16.76 | 38.19 | 54.95 | 263 |
| 142 | University of Tasmania (UTAS) | Australia | 20.28 | 34.43 | 54.71 | 366 |
| 143 | Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) | United States of America (USA) | 41.63 | 12.77 | 54.40 | 238 |
| 144 | State University of New York at Stony Brook (SUNY Stony Brook) | United States of America (USA) | 27.80 | 26.25 | 54.05 | 315 |
| 145 | France Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy | France | 30.93 | 22.95 | 53.88 | 496 |
| 146 | Boston University (BU) | United States of America (USA) | 38.31 | 15.45 | 53.76 | 285 |
| 147 | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) | United States of America (USA) | 37.97 | 15.53 | 53.49 | 331 |
| 148 | The University of Melbourne (UniMelb) | Australia | 24.42 | 28.99 | 53.41 | 401 |
| 149 | University of Bergen (UIB) | Norway | 15.19 | 38.05 | 53.24 | 334 |
| 150 | University of New Hampshire (UNH) | United States of America (USA) | 39.88 | 12.91 | 52.79 | 340 |
| 151 | University of Lyon | France | 37.18 | 15.41 | 52.59 | 319 |
| 152 | University of Lausanne (UNIL) | Switzerland | 17.00 | 35.47 | 52.47 | 250 |
| 153 | North Carolina State University (NCSU) | United States of America (USA) | 40.60 | 11.36 | 51.96 | 255 |
| 154 | GNS Science | New Zealand | 15.80 | 35.86 | 51.67 | 212 |
| 155 | National Taiwan University (NTU) | Taiwan | 18.53 | 33.02 | 51.56 | 187 |
| 156 | Met Office | United Kingdom (UK) | 30.71 | 20.64 | 51.35 | 249 |
| 157 | Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) | China | 34.21 | 16.82 | 51.03 | 92 |
| 158 | Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) | France | 26.24 | 24.77 | 51.01 | 496 |
| 159 | Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI) | Israel | 16.28 | 33.91 | 50.19 | 263 |
| 160 | NERC British Antarctic Survey (BAS) | United Kingdom (UK) | 19.69 | 30.13 | 49.82 | 196 |
| 161 | University of Saskatchewan (U of S) | Canada | 17.51 | 32.24 | 49.75 | 152 |
| 162 | Academia Sinica | Taiwan | 19.09 | 30.49 | 49.59 | 180 |
| 163 | NERC National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS) | United Kingdom (UK) | 34.67 | 14.51 | 49.19 | 245 |
| 164 | Nagoya University | Japan | 31.04 | 17.41 | 48.45 | 281 |
| 165 | University of Tübingen (Uni Tübingen) | Germany | 12.62 | 35.15 | 47.77 | 280 |
| 166 | Universities Space Research Association (USRA) | United States of America (USA) | 42.47 | 5.24 | 47.71 | 302 |
| 167 | The University of New Mexico (UNM) | United States of America (USA) | 37.10 | 10.44 | 47.54 | 391 |
| 168 | Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech) | Japan | 29.17 | 17.71 | 46.87 | 159 |
| 169 | Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) | United States of America (USA) | 35.25 | 11.59 | 46.84 | 250 |
| 170 | King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) | Saudi Arabia | 0.54 | 46.25 | 46.79 | 200 |
| 171 | French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) | France | 32.41 | 14.34 | 46.75 | 751 |
| 172 | Florida State University (FSU) | United States of America (USA) | 33.24 | 13.51 | 46.75 | 306 |
| 173 | Macquarie University | Australia | 14.27 | 32.34 | 46.61 | 356 |
| 174 | National University of Singapore (NUS) | Singapore | 7.92 | 38.69 | 46.61 | 281 |
| 175 | Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (LMU) | Germany | 8.35 | 38.16 | 46.51 | 228 |
| 176 | University of Toulouse | France | 27.65 | 18.69 | 46.33 | 618 |
| 177 | Wuhan University (WHU) | China | 23.91 | 22.36 | 46.27 | 171 |
| 178 | Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) | Sweden | 21.19 | 24.32 | 45.52 | 351 |
| 179 | Fudan University | China | 25.07 | 20.26 | 45.33 | 198 |
| 180 | École Normale Supérieure (ENS Paris) | France | 27.81 | 17.24 | 45.05 | 365 |
| 181 | Ocean University of China (OUC) | China | 20.32 | 24.39 | 44.71 | 186 |
| 182 | The University of Georgia (UGA) | United States of America (USA) | 34.67 | 9.72 | 44.39 | 297 |
| 183 | University of Wyoming | United States of America (USA) | 28.36 | 15.98 | 44.34 | 292 |
| 184 | Free University of Berlin (FU Berlin) | Germany | 25.93 | 18.31 | 44.24 | 303 |
| 185 | University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) | France | 20.66 | 23.42 | 44.07 | 492 |
| 186 | University of Glasgow | United Kingdom (UK) | 23.63 | 19.67 | 43.30 | 337 |
| 187 | University of Savoy | France | 27.08 | 15.45 | 42.54 | 336 |
| 188 | VU University Amsterdam | Netherlands | 7.73 | 34.62 | 42.35 | 339 |
| 189 | KTH Royal Institute of Technology | Sweden | 21.56 | 20.32 | 41.88 | 308 |
| 190 | University of Oregon (UO) | United States of America (USA) | 31.59 | 9.64 | 41.23 | 183 |
| 191 | Uppsala University (UU) | Sweden | 11.91 | 29.19 | 41.10 | 366 |
| 192 | Michigan State University (MSU) | United States of America (USA) | 21.14 | 19.71 | 40.85 | 405 |
| 193 | NERC British Geological Survey (BGS) | United Kingdom (UK) | 24.62 | 15.88 | 40.50 | 219 |
| 194 | University of Connecticut (UConn) | United States of America (USA) | 26.60 | 13.61 | 40.21 | 261 |
| 195 | University of Lorraine (UL) | France | 25.21 | 14.94 | 40.15 | 480 |
| 196 | Indiana University (IU) | United States of America (USA) | 33.13 | 6.40 | 39.52 | 303 |
| 197 | University of Münster (WWU) | Germany | 6.97 | 32.50 | 39.47 | 242 |
| 198 | Science Systems and Applications, Inc. (SSAI) | United States of America (USA) | 35.95 | 3.40 | 39.35 | 151 |
| 199 | University of South Florida (USF) | United States of America (USA) | 22.90 | 16.44 | 39.34 | 273 |
| 200 | Lancaster University | United Kingdom (UK) | 15.81 | 23.49 | 39.30 | 350 |