2022 tables: Institutions

The 2022 tables are based on Nature Index data from 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2021.

Table criteria

# Institution Share 2020 Share 2021 Count 2021 Change in Adjusted Share* 2020–2021
1 National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Italy 152.63 168.97 812 7.8%
2 National Research Council (CNR), Italy 104.17 110.20 548 3.1%
3 Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS), Italy 44.61 50.38 273 10.0%
4 University of Padova (UNIPD), Italy 46.65 49.09 326 2.5%
5 Sapienza University of Rome, Italy 35.20 44.30 346 22.6%
6 Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Italy 42.60 39.01 181 -10.8%
7 University of Florence (UNIFI), Italy 38.16 34.99 231 -10.7%
8 University of Naples Federico II (UNINA), Italy 27.57 34.90 311 23.3%
9 University of Bologna (UNIBO), Italy 32.00 30.57 321 -6.9%
10 University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Italy 29.07 29.95 213 0.4%
11 Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Italy 23.77 29.92 113 22.6%
12 University of Milan (UNIMI), Italy 32.45 29.25 267 -12.2%
13 University of Pisa (UNIPI), Italy 23.73 27.17 252 11.5%
14 Polytechnic University of Milan, Italy 19.95 26.05 109 27.2%
15 National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), Italy 39.60 26.02 149 -36.0%
16 University of Turin (UNITO), Italy 23.33 25.84 274 7.9%
17 Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Italy 21.17 21.90 185 0.8%
18 National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), Italy 20.91 21.13 51 -1.5%
19 University of Salerno (UNISA), Italy 18.25 16.93 83 -9.6%
20 University of Pavia (UNIPV), Italy 14.12 16.63 194 14.7%
21 University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy 16.24 15.49 173 -7.1%
22 University of Genova, Italy 13.11 14.98 219 11.4%
23 University of Trento (UNITN), Italy 18.84 14.58 184 -24.6%
24 University of Parma (UNIPR), Italy 13.08 13.76 69 2.5%
25 University of Trieste (UNITS), Italy 14.38 12.67 150 -14.2%
26 Scuola Normale Superiore (SNS), Italy 12.41 11.12 141 -12.7%
27 Polytechnic University of Turin, Italy 9.95 10.68 70 4.6%
28 Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Italy 9.09 9.10 49 -2.5%
29 University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Italy 6.92 8.66 73 22.0%
30 University of Calabria (UNICAL), Italy 4.46 8.35 92 82.4%
31 University of Roma Tre, Italy 6.99 8.07 108 12.5%
32 National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Italy 7.73 7.96 51 0.3%
33 University of Eastern Piedmont "Amedeo Avogadro" (UNIPMN), Italy 7.12 7.73 144 5.8%
34 University of Palermo (UNIPA), Italy 4.63 7.48 85 57.5%
35 Italian Foundation for Cancer Research (FIRC), Italy 10.21 7.46 33 -28.9%
36 Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), Italy 4.20 6.98 102 61.7%
37 University of Ferrara (UNIFE), Italy 5.02 6.97 100 35.3%
38 University of Siena (UNISI), Italy 4.23 6.81 117 57.0%
39 University of Catania, Italy 5.16 6.63 124 25.3%
40 University of Perugia, Italy 8.85 5.86 141 -35.5%
41 University of Salento, Italy 3.49 5.79 92 61.3%
42 Italy Ministry of Health, Italy 2.72 5.71 92 104.2%
43 University of Bari Aldo Moro (UniBA), Italy 8.49 5.47 152 -37.3%
44 University of Brescia (UNIBS), Italy 4.12 5.41 70 27.7%
45 University of Cagliari (UNICA), Italy 6.15 5.40 90 -14.4%
46 University of Insubria, Italy 6.77 4.54 37 -34.7%
47 Catholic University of the Sacred Heart (UCSC), Italy 4.27 4.53 29 3.3%
48 Telethon Foundation, Italy 6.03 4.12 31 -33.4%
49 Techint Group, Italy 3.22 3.79 25 14.6%
50 Ca' Foscari University of Venice (UNIVE), Italy 2.79 3.61 35 26.0%
51 Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), Italy 2.30 3.52 14 49.1%
52 Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli (SZN), Italy 0.53 3.44 14 531.4%
53 University of L'Aquila (UNIVAQ), Italy 3.12 3.43 38 7.1%
54 University of Verona (UNIVR), Italy 5.68 3.09 29 -47.1%
55 University of Camerino (UNICAM), Italy 4.42 3.07 20 -32.3%
56 University of Udine (UNIUD), Italy 3.76 2.99 78 -22.7%
57 University of Chieti (Ud'A), Italy 2.57 2.89 19 9.6%
58 University of Messina (UNIME), Italy 2.15 2.50 86 13.3%
59 National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi” (INGM), Italy 1.81 2.42 11 29.7%
60 International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Italy 1.21 2.35 14 89.3%
61 Bocconi University, Italy 2.27 2.23 10 -4.2%
62 Institute for Scientific Interchange (ISI), Italy 1.42 2.20 16 50.5%
63 University of Sannio, Italy 1.25 2.05 12 59.8%
64 Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies of Pisa (SSSA), Italy 0.89 1.88 17 105.2%
65 Fondazione Piemontese per la Ricerca sul Cancro Onlus (FPRC), Italy 1.54 1.86 13 17.6%
66 University of Sassari (UniSS), Italy 3.37 1.79 25 -48.3%
67 Marche Polytechnic University (UNIVPM), Italy 2.65 1.78 23 -34.4%
68 National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics (OGS), Italy 1.49 1.76 12 14.8%
69 Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI), Italy 2.51 1.75 38 -32.1%
70 Bracco Imaging S.p.A., Italy 0.83 1.55 4 80.9%
71 Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC), Italy 1.85 1.44 12 -24.1%
72 Polytechnic University of Bari, Italy 1.70 1.36 93 -22.4%
73 University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Italy 2.18 1.30 30 -42.0%
74 Edmund Mach Foundation, Italy 1.01 1.16 12 12.2%
75 Eni s.p.a., Italy 0.67 1.06 4 53.7%
76 Toscana Life Science Foundation, Italy 1.05 4 N/A
77 Chiesi Farmaceutici S. p. A., Italy 0.92 2 N/A
78 Il Museo della Fisica e il Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi (Centro Fermi), Italy 1.11 0.90 59 -20.9%
79 University of Basilicata, Italy 1.84 0.88 80 -53.7%
80 Parthenope University of Naples, Italy 1.15 0.84 56 -29.0%
81 University Hospital of Verona, Italy 1.03 0.79 2 -24.8%
82 Human Technopole Foundation, Italy 0.56 0.78 15 35.1%
83 VisMederi srl, Italy 0.77 3 N/A
84 Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Italy 0.68 0.74 9 6.2%
85 University of Bergamo, Italy 0.12 0.67 7 467.6%
86 University of Magna Graecia (UMG), Italy 0.30 0.66 9 115.9%
87 Ospedale Civile Spirito Santo, Italy 0.59 2 N/A
88 University of Urbino, Italy 0.43 0.59 39 35.1%
89 Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica "Francesco Severi" (INdAM), Italy 0.25 0.59 3 128.9%
90 National Interuniversity Consortium for the Physical Sciences of Matter (CNISM), Italy 0.36 0.59 5 60.5%
91 Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) degli Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy 0.32 0.57 8 73.6%
92 Institute for Applied Genomics (IGA), Italy 0.56 1 N/A
93 ReiThera Srl, Italy 0.51 0.52 2 -0.5%
94 Sudanese and Sub-Saharan Studies Center (CSSeS), Italy 0.50 1 N/A
94 Acea Elabori S.p.A., Italy 0.50 1 N/A
95 University of Tuscia (UNITUS), Italy 1.01 0.46 10 -55.7%
96 Ceinge - Biotecnologie Avanzate S.C. a r.l., Italy 0.45 0.43 8 -5.4%
97 Alfasigma S.p.A., Italy 0.43 1 N/A
98 Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Italy 0.43 3 N/A
99 Niguarda Hospital, Italy 1.05 0.41 5 -61.6%
100 Genomics, Genetics and Biology Innovation Pole (POLO GGB), Italy 0.04 0.41 1 859.1%
101 A.O.U. Citta della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Italy 0.10 0.39 10 263.8%
102 Immagina BioTechnology Srl, Italy 0.06 0.38 1 557.5%
103 Siena University Hospital, Italy 0.14 0.37 5 160.4%
104 Archaeological Park of Pompeii, Italy 0.30 0.35 2 13.6%
105 European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Italy 0.29 0.35 8 14.9%
106 European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Italy 0.33 1 N/A
107 Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Italy 0.37 0.32 4 -15.6%
108 Free University of Bozen-Bolzano (UniBz), Italy 0.30 0.32 4 3.5%
109 Council for Agricultural Research and Analysis of Agricultural Economics (CREA), Italy 0.78 0.30 4 -61.9%
110 Italy Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism (MiBACT), Italy 0.25 0.29 5 14.1%
111 Tethys Research Institute, Italy 0.29 2 N/A
112 Nadir Srl, Italy 0.29 1 N/A
112 Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Italy 0.29 1 N/A
113 Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria (UNIRC), Italy 0.18 0.28 9 53.3%
114 Ospedale Moriggia Pelascini, Italy 0.28 1 N/A
115 Lincean Academy, Italy 0.10 0.27 2 157.6%
116 Institute for the Study and Prevention of Cancer (ISPRO), Italy 1.23 0.26 4 -79.2%
117 Edo and Elvo Tempia Valenta Foundation (FEETV), Italy 0.36 0.26 2 -30.9%
118 Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per la Nanoelettronica (IUNET), Italy 0.25 1 N/A
118 FLIM LABS Srl, Italy 0.25 1 N/A
119 IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Italy 0.52 0.24 3 -54.5%
120 Dompé Corporate, Italy 0.08 0.24 3 198.9%
121 National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Italy 0.67 0.23 4 -66.2%
122 Hospital Amedeo di Savoia - Birago di Vische, Italy 0.23 1 N/A
123 Servizio di Polizia Scientifica, Italy 0.22 1 N/A
123 Itt Italia S.R.L., Italy 0.22 1 N/A
124 Biki Technologies s.r.l., Italy 0.21 1 N/A
124 Biopox Srl, Italy 0.21 1 N/A
125 Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico S.p.A. (RSE), Italy 0.09 0.20 1 114.3%
125 Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Italy 0.20 1 N/A
125 Micro Photon Devices S.r.l. (MPD), Italy 0.20 1 N/A
125 Asilo nido Gli Elfi del Boschetto, Italy 0.20 1 N/A
125 Exosomics Siena SpA, Italy 0.20 1 N/A
125 Plasmore S.r.l., Italy 0.20 1 N/A
126 Serena Foundation Onlus - NeuroMuscular Omnicenter (NEMO), Italy 0.20 3 N/A
127 Fondazione del Piemonte per l’Oncologia (FPO), Italy 0.19 2 N/A
128 Holostem Terapie Avanzate S.r.l., Italy 0.19 1 N/A
129 Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Italy 0.18 1 N/A
130 Galliera Hospital, Italy 0.18 1 N/A
131 Eureka Lab Division S.r.l., Italy 0.17 2 N/A
132 Integrated Systems Engineering Srl, (ISENET), Italy 0.17 1 N/A
132 Molecular Horizon srl, Italy 0.11 0.17 1 46.1%
132 Ente Nazionale Risi, Italy 0.20 0.17 1 -19.6%
132 Zoomarine Italia SpA, Italy 0.17 1 N/A
132 GeneraLife IVF, Italy 0.17 1 N/A
132 Geostudi Astier srl, Italy 0.17 1 N/A
132 Glycores, Italy 0.17 1 N/A
132 Agenzia Regionale Prevenzione e Ambiente della Regione Emilia-Romagna, Italy 0.17 1 N/A
132 Fondazione INPHOTEC, Italy 0.17 2 N/A
132 National Gallery of Ancient Art (GNAA), Italy 0.17 1 N/A
133 ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Italy 0.74 0.16 5 -79.1%
134 Institute for Advanced Study (IUSS Pavia), Italy 0.35 0.16 3 -56.0%
135 BeDimensional Srl, Italy 0.58 0.16 1 -73.9%
136 MUSE - Museo delle Scienze di Trento, Italy 0.04 0.15 3 273.2%
137 AOU Policlinico Gaetano Martino, Italy 0.15 1 N/A
137 Prysmian S.p.A., Italy 0.15 1 N/A
138 Compagnia di San Paolo, Italy 0.17 0.15 8 -10.0%
139 Italian Space Agency (ASI), Italy 0.88 0.15 7 -83.3%
140 University of Molise (UNIMOL), Italy 0.67 0.15 12 -78.4%
141 Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Italy 0.01 0.14 1 2502.3%
141 ARPA Lazio, Italy 0.14 1 N/A
141 Museo Giacomo Manzù, Italy 0.14 1 N/A
141 Alto Trevigiano Servizi S.r.l., Italy 0.14 1 N/A
141 Naicons s.r.l., Italy 0.14 1 N/A
142 AREA Science Park, Italy 0.13 2 N/A
143 Cogentech S.c.a.r.l., Italy 0.22 0.13 3 -44.6%
144 Unitelma Sapienza University, Italy 0.13 1 N/A
144 BrainTrends, Italy 0.13 1 N/A
144 Cage Chemicals S.r.l., Italy 0.13 1 N/A
145 Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Italy 2.58 0.12 58 -95.3%
146 SENSE4MED s.r.l., Italy 0.12 2 N/A
147 Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Italy 0.11 0.11 4 -2.2%
148 GFT Italia Srl., Italy 0.11 1 N/A
148 Ospedale Santa Corona, Italy 0.11 1 N/A
149 ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Italy 0.08 0.11 2 38.7%
150 Civil Protection Department, Italy 0.11 1 N/A
151 Campus Bio-Medico University, Italy 0.79 0.10 3 -87.3%
152 ChemICare S.r.l., Italy 0.10 1 N/A
152 École Française de Rome (EFR), Italy 0.10 1 N/A
152 Parco Archeologico di Ercolano, Italy 0.10 1 N/A
152 CIMA Research Foundation, Italy 0.10 1 N/A
152 Cardiovascular Lab, Italy 0.10 1 N/A
152 IMAGO7 Foundation, Italy 0.10 1 N/A
153 Leonardo S.p.A., Italy 0.01 0.09 2 1150.1%
154 Theoreo Srl, Italy 0.03 0.09 2 245.9%
155 Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per le province di Verona, Italy 0.07 0.09 1 30.5%
155 Central European Research Infrastructure Consortium (CERIC-ERIC), Italy 0.11 0.09 1 -20.3%
155 Fondazione Matilde Tettamanti Menotti De Marchi Onlus, Italy 0.09 1 N/A
156 Planetek Italia S.r.l., Italy 0.09 2 N/A
157 Azienda Ulss 3 Serenissima, Italy 0.00 0.08 1 2035.0%
157 Clinica Valle Giulia, Italy 0.08 1 N/A
157 MISTER Smart Innovation, Italy 0.08 1 N/A
157 CERTEMA S.c.a.r.l., Italy 0.08 1 N/A
157 Graphene-XT srl, Italy 0.08 1 N/A
157 HMGBiotech Srl, Italy 0.08 1 N/A
157 Ca'Foncello Hospital, Italy 0.08 1 N/A
157 Azienda Ospedaliera Papardo (A.O. Papardo), Italy 0.08 1 N/A
158 Museo delle Civiltà, Italy 0.04 0.08 5 71.0%
159 aizoOn Technology Consulting, Italy 0.08 1 N/A
159 Soprintendenza Archeologia Belle arti e Paesaggio per le province di Alessandria (SABAP-AL), Italy 0.08 1 N/A
160 Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria OO.RR. San Giovanni di Dio Ruggi d'Aragona, Italy 0.08 1 N/A
161 Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali, Italy 0.03 0.07 2 161.6%
162 Universita' degli Studi Niccolo' Cusano, Italy 0.08 0.07 1 -9.5%
162 Azienda Ospedaliera Specialistica dei Colli (AORN Ospedali dei Colli), Italy 0.07 1 N/A
162 Lumigram - Samsara S.r.l., Italy 0.07 1 N/A
163 Fondazione Città della Speranza, Italy 0.07 2 N/A
164 San Raffaele University of Rome (UniSanRaffaele), Italy 0.07 2 N/A
165 Hospital Brotzu, Italy 0.01 0.07 2 680.4%
166 Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) della Valle Olona, Italy 0.07 1 N/A
167 ASST Ovest Milanese Legnano Hospital, Italy 0.07 2 N/A
168 Giotto Biotech S.r.l., Italy 0.13 0.06 1 -52.2%
168 CCR-IMA CCR-IMA Laboratory, Italy 0.06 1 N/A
168 Ospedale Giuseppe Mazzini di Teramo, Italy 0.06 1 N/A
168 Ospedale "Floraspe Renzetti", Italy 0.06 1 N/A
168 Centro di Sperimentazione Laimburg, Italy 0.06 1 N/A
169 European Gravitational Observatory (EGO), Italy 0.21 0.06 3 -71.3%
170 University of Cassino and Southern Lazio (UNICAS), Italy 0.02 0.06 13 134.3%
171 Lereti S.p.A., Italy 0.06 1 N/A
172 Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “Togo Rosati” (IZSUM), Italy 0.01 0.06 1 879.7%
173 Azienda Ospedaliera San Paolo, Italy 0.00 0.05 1 1435.3%
174 National Interuniversity Consortium for Informatics (CINI), Italy 0.05 1 N/A
174 CrestOptics S.p.A., Italy 0.05 1 N/A
174 Reparti Carabinieri per la Biodiversità, Italy 0.05 1 N/A
174 Centro di Odontoiatria e Stomatologia F. Perrini, Italy 0.05 1 N/A
175 University for Foreigners Perugia (UNISTRAPG), Italy 0.05 2 N/A
176 International Polyamines Foundation Onlus, Italy 0.05 1 N/A
177 Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale di Ragusa (ASP Ragusa), Italy 0.05 1 N/A
178 Cambridge Management Consulting Labs S.p.A., Italy 0.05 1 N/A
178 Museo di storia naturale della Maremma, Italy 0.05 1 N/A
179 Kore University of Enna, Italy 0.02 0.04 5 97.0%
180 Rome International Center for Materials Science of Superstripes (RICMASS), Italy 0.14 0.04 1 -70.1%
180 Fondazione Italiana Fegato (FIF), Italy 0.04 1 N/A
181 Hospital of Prato, Italy 0.02 0.04 1 149.4%
182 Labospace Srl, Italy 0.04 0.04 1 4.9%
182 Azienda USL Toscana Sud Est, Italy 0.04 1 N/A
182 Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale Maggiore di Crema, Italy 0.04 1 N/A
183 Sclavo Diagnostics International S.r.l., Italy 0.04 1 N/A
184 Ospedale S. Chiara, Italy 0.05 0.04 1 -30.4%
184 Fondazione Ri.MED, Italy 0.06 0.04 1 -44.3%
184 Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Italy 0.09 0.04 1 -61.7%
184 Veneto Tumor Registry (RTV), Italy 0.04 1 N/A
185 Regione Lazio, Italy 0.07 0.04 2 -53.6%
186 United Hospitals Villa Sofia-Cervello, Italy 0.03 1 N/A
186 ARNAS Ospedali Civico Di Cristina Benfratelli, Italy 0.03 1 N/A
187 San Raffaele S.p.A., Italy 0.03 2 N/A
188 The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), Italy 0.08 0.03 6 -58.9%
189 Ospedale Policlinico Casilino, Italy 0.54 0.03 1 -93.9%
189 Philogen S.p.A., Italy 0.03 1 N/A
190 University of Teramo (UniTE), Italy 0.52 0.03 3 -93.8%
191 Cancer Pharmacology Laboratory, AIRC Start-Up Unit, Italy 0.03 1 N/A
192 Menarini Group, Italy 0.05 0.03 1 -35.1%
193 Foro Italico University of Rome, Italy 0.03 3 N/A
194 Promidis S.r.l., Italy 0.03 1 N/A
195 Azienda Ospedaliero Universitario Mater Domini, Italy 0.03 1 N/A
196 Centro Ricerche Cliniche di Verona srl (CRC), Italy 0.03 1 N/A
197 Ospedale Vito Fazzi, Italy 0.03 2 N/A
198 Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, Italy 0.03 1 N/A
198 Bellaria Hospital, Italy 0.03 0.03 1 -5.0%
199 San Luigi University Hospital, Italy 0.01 0.02 2 75.7%
200 Maggiore Hospital, Italy 0.02 2 N/A
201 Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII (ASST-PG23), Italy 0.45 0.02 1 -94.8%
202 Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze (ASF), Italy 0.02 3 N/A
203 PENTA Foundation, Italy 0.02 1 N/A
204 Piedmont Reference Center for Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention (CPO Piemonte), Italy 0.02 2 N/A
205 Nationalpark Stilfser Joch, Italy 0.02 1 N/A
206 Guglielmo Marconi University (GMU), Italy 0.03 0.02 44 -43.0%
207 Hospital Bassini Cinisello Balsamo, Italy 0.02 1 N/A
208 Azienda Ospedaliero - Universitaria "Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele", Italy 0.02 1 N/A
209 Ospedale di Parma, Italy 0.65 0.02 2 -97.5%
210 Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente, Italy 0.02 1 N/A
210 Lega Italiana Protezione Uccelli (LIPU), Italy 0.02 1 N/A
211 Ospedale di Jesolo, Italy 0.02 1 N/A
212 Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences (UniCamillus), Italy 0.01 1 N/A
213 Bioversity International, Italy 0.05 0.01 2 -73.9%
214 CarboSulcis S.p.A., Italy 0.01 1 N/A
215 Fondazione Europea Ricerca Biomedica (FERB Onlus), Italy 0.01 1 N/A
216 University of Foggia (UNIFG), Italy 0.19 0.01 22 -93.9%
217 Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico 'G. Martino' - Messina, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
218 Ospedale Cardinale Giovanni Panico, Italy 0.01 3 N/A
219 Ospedale Antonio Perrino, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
220 Velleja Research, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
220 Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
221 Polaris Srl, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
222 Istituto Figlie di N.S. al Monte Calvario, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
222 Ospedale Cristo Re, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
223 Azienda Universitario Ospedaliera di Cagliari, Italy 0.00 0.01 2 159.9%
224 Sant'Anna and San Sebastiano Hospital, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
225 Provincia autonoma di Bolzano, Italy 0.02 0.01 1 -52.0%
226 Ospedale di Circolo, Italy 0.01 0.01 1 3.4%
226 Azienda Sanitaria Locale TO4 di Ciriè, Chivasso e Ivrea (ASL TO4), Italy 0.01 0.01 1 -17.1%
226 Ospedale Santissima Annunziata di Savigliano, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
226 Santa Croce and Carle Hospital, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
226 Ospedale Martini, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
226 Ospedale Cardinal Massaia, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
227 Bio4Dreams S.p.A., Italy 0.01 1 N/A
228 South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
228 Antonino Salinas Regional Archeological Museum, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
229 Milan Center for Neuroscience, Italy 0.01 1 N/A
230 Orientale University of Naples, Italy 0.63 0.00 2 -99.3%
231 Enel S.p.A., Italy 0.00 2 N/A
232 San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Italy 0.00 0.00 1 -17.1%
232 Ospedale Regina Montis Regalis di Mondovì, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Ospedale Michele e Pietro Ferrero - Verduno, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Ospedale Santo Spirito Casale Monferrato, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Ospedale SS Annunziata - Taranto, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Ospedale "San Giacomo" - Monopoli, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL Foggia), Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Ospedale San Paolo Bari, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Azienda Sanitaria Locale di Collegno e Pinerolo (ASL TO3), Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Ospedale degli Infermi, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Gradenigo Hospital, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Miulli General Hospital, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Hospital Valduce, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 A.O. Ordine Mauriziano di Torino, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Ospedale Regionale "Umberto Parini", Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Ospedale San Giacomo, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
232 Maria Vittoria Hospital, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
233 Italy Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR), Italy 1.02 0.00 2 -99.7%
234 Chamber of Commerce of Avellino, Italy 0.00 2 N/A
235 Università Iuav di Venezia (IUAV), Italy 0.01 0.00 2 -57.0%
236 Italy Ministry of Defence (MDD), Italy 0.02 0.00 1 -88.4%
237 University of Macerata (UNIMC), Italy 0.00 1 N/A
237 National Institute for Documentation, Innovation and Educational Research (INDIRE), Italy 0.00 1 N/A
237 Istituto Nazionale per la Valutazione del Sistema Educativo di Istruzione e di Formazione (INVALSI), Italy 0.00 1 N/A
238 Vercelli Hospital, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
238 ASST Valcamonica, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
239 Italy Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies (MiPAAF), Italy 0.02 0.00 1 -90.8%
239 Italy Ministry of Infrastructures and Transport (MIT), Italy 0.02 0.00 1 -90.8%
239 Italy Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF), Italy 0.02 0.00 1 -90.8%
239 Italy Ministry of the Environment and Protection of Land and Sea (MATTM), Italy 0.02 0.00 1 -90.8%
240 General Hospital of Bolzano, Italy 0.03 0.00 1 -95.1%
241 Casa di Cura Privata del Policlinico, Italy 0.00 1 N/A
242 Acciaierie Venete S.p.A., Italy 0.00 1 N/A
243 Ansaldo Ricerche S.p.A., Italy 0.00 2 N/A
243 ABB S.p.A., Italy 0.00 2 N/A

Footnote

Each year, the Nature Index publishes tables based on counts of high-quality research outputs in the previous calendar year. Users please note:

  1. The data behind the tables are based on a relatively small proportion of total research papers, they cover the natural sciences only and outputs are non-normalized (that is, they don’t reflect the size of the country or institution, or its overall research output).
  2. The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. The metrics of Count and Share used to order Nature Index listings are based on an institution’s or country’s publication output in 82 natural-science journals through 2022, in 2023 64 health-science journals were added to the Index. The 146 journals in the Nature Index were selected on reputation by an independent panel of leading scientists in their fields.
  3. Nature Index recognizes that many other factors must be taken into account when considering research quality and institutional performance; Nature Index metrics alone should not be used to assess institutions or individuals.
  4. Nature Index data and methods are transparent and available under a creative commons licence at nature.com/nature-index/.

The Nature Index database undergoes regular updating, corrections, adjustment of institutional hierarchies, and removal of retracted papers and thus the live website can differ from the frozen annual tables.

*The change in adjusted Share accounts for the small annual variation in the total number of articles in Nature Index journals. Share values have been adjusted to 2022 levels to calculate the percentage change. For more information on the adjustment, please see the Adjusted metric explainer.