2021 tables: Institutions - academic

The 2021 tables are based on Nature Index data from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020.

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# Institution Share 2019 Share 2020 Count 2020 Change in Adjusted Share* 2019–2020
1 University of Cape Town (UCT), South Africa 15.87 19.28 169 17.1%
2 University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (Wits University), South Africa 9.90 11.97 125 16.6%
3 University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), South Africa 6.99 9.91 48 36.8%
4 University of Johannesburg (UJ), South Africa 5.37 5.05 77 -9.3%
5 Stellenbosch University (SU), South Africa 9.13 4.84 36 -48.9%
6 University of the Free State (UFS), South Africa 3.40 4.25 15 20.5%
7 University of Pretoria (UP), South Africa 2.77 3.36 34 16.6%
8 North-West University (NWU), South Africa 2.20 2.83 26 24.0%
9 Durban University of Technology (DUT), South Africa 3.38 2.68 12 -23.3%
10 British University in Egypt (BUE), Egypt 1.03 2.39 25 124.1%
11 Nelson Mandela University (NMU), South Africa 0.55 2.18 15 281.1%
12 Ain Shams University, Egypt 1.88 1.64 17 -15.7%
13 Cairo University (CU), Egypt 1.60 1.59 41 -4.5%
14 University of the Western Cape (UWC), South Africa 1.54 1.44 16 -9.5%
15 American University in Cairo (AUC), Egypt 0.31 1.44 8 351.4%
16 Addis Ababa University (AAU), Ethiopia 1.70 1.30 11 -26.5%
17 University of Carthage (UCAR), Tunisia 0.65 1.28 3 91.1%
18 University of Yaounde I (UYI), Cameroon 0.77 1.27 8 58.7%
19 Rhodes University (RU), South Africa 2.97 1.23 12 -59.9%
20 Makerere University, Uganda 0.59 1.19 14 93.2%
21 University Hassan II Casablanca (UHII), Morocco 1.05 1.15 47 5.8%
22 Tunis El Manar University (UTM), Tunisia 0.71 1.15 8 56.4%
23 Cadi Ayyad University (UCA), Morocco 1.77 1.10 44 -40.3%
24 University of Ghana, Ghana 1.11 1.03 11 -10.5%
25 University of Batna, Algeria – 1.03 2 N/A
26 Tshwane University of Technology (TUT), South Africa – 0.94 5 N/A
27 University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 0.07 0.90 6 1166.2%
28 Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Gabon – 0.85 3 N/A
29 Benha University, Egypt 0.33 0.85 8 151.7%
30 Sohag University, Egypt 0.12 0.79 3 523.9%
31 Mohammed V University, Morocco 0.44 0.74 49 62.3%
32 University of Namibia (UNAM), Namibia 0.19 0.71 6 266.0%
33 Midlands State University, Zimbabwe – 0.71 2 N/A
34 University of Malawi, Malawi 0.70 0.70 6 -4.6%
35 Mansoura University, Egypt 1.77 0.64 8 -65.4%
36 University of Sfax, Tunisia 0.29 0.57 2 88.9%
37 University of Antananarivo, Madagascar 0.34 0.56 4 58.1%
38 University of La Réunion, Reunion 0.60 0.56 18 -9.8%
39 University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Benin 1.10 0.53 3 -53.6%
40 Abdelmalek Essaâdi University (UAE), Morocco 0.20 0.52 7 145.6%
41 National University of Sciences, Technologies, Engineering and Mathematics (UNSTIM), Benin 0.32 0.50 1 51.8%
41 Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba (ENS-Kouba), Algeria – 0.50 1 N/A
42 Tanta University, Egypt 0.38 0.48 9 20.2%
43 Damietta University, Egypt 0.13 0.42 1 216.9%
44 University of South Africa (UNISA), South Africa 2.03 0.41 34 -80.4%
45 Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Morocco 0.10 0.41 5 310.1%
46 The German University in Cairo (GUC), Egypt – 0.41 3 N/A
47 University of Nairobi, Kenya 1.04 0.39 7 -63.5%
48 Suez University, Egypt 0.59 0.39 13 -36.9%
49 Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia 0.01 0.37 3 4900.9%
50 University Ibn Tofaïl (UIT), Morocco 0.37 0.36 42 -6.0%
51 Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD), Senegal 0.42 0.36 8 -17.1%
52 Université Larbi Tébessi, Algeria – 0.33 1 N/A
53 Redeemer's University Nigeria (RUN), Nigeria 0.05 0.32 3 488.8%
54 Njala University, Sierra Leone 0.04 0.32 1 702.2%
55 University Ferhat Abbas of Setif (UFAS), Algeria – 0.31 2 N/A
56 Maseno University, Kenya 0.35 0.30 1 -17.4%
57 University of Makeni (UNIMAK), Sierra Leone – 0.29 1 N/A
58 University of Zambia, Zambia 0.28 0.29 4 -0.8%
59 University of Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Congo 0.40 0.28 3 -33.4%
60 University of Rwanda, Rwanda 0.19 0.27 3 40.7%
61 Fayoum University (FU), Egypt 0.23 0.27 10 14.0%
62 South Valley University (SVU), Egypt 0.14 0.27 6 89.7%
63 Helwan University (HU), Egypt 0.31 0.26 10 -20.8%
64 University of Science, Technique and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Mali 0.43 0.25 3 -44.5%
65 University of Béjaïa, Algeria – 0.25 1 N/A
66 Zagazig University, Egypt 0.13 0.25 6 91.7%
67 Menoufia University, Egypt 0.18 0.24 2 26.4%
68 Université Mohammed Premier (UMP), Morocco 0.09 0.23 45 143.6%
69 University of Eldoret, Kenya 0.01 0.21 1 1470.3%
70 Alexandria University, Egypt 0.48 0.21 7 -56.8%
71 African Institute for Mathematical Sciences (AIMS), South Africa 0.04 0.21 4 370.9%
72 Abdou Moumouni University (UAM), Niger 0.06 0.21 2 221.4%
73 Université Ibn Zohr, Morocco 0.64 0.20 1 -69.6%
74 University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 0.03 0.20 2 503.2%
75 University of Limpopo, South Africa 0.14 0.19 5 31.2%
76 University of Botswana (UB), Botswana 0.06 0.19 3 214.1%
77 University of Buea (UB), Cameroon 0.80 0.18 4 -77.9%
78 National School of Engineers of Sfax, Tunisia – 0.18 1 N/A
79 Debre Berhan University (DBU), Ethiopia 0.00 0.17 3 3240.1%
80 University of Venda (UNIVEN), South Africa 0.34 0.17 4 -50.9%
81 University of Gafsa, Tunisia – 0.17 1 N/A
81 Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Egypt – 0.17 1 N/A
82 Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM), Mozambique 0.00 0.15 2 17158.7%
83 University of Khartoum, Sudan 0.06 0.15 3 149.0%
84 Suez Canal University (SCU), Egypt 0.05 0.14 4 184.1%
85 Assiut University, Egypt 0.81 0.14 7 -82.9%
86 Université Djilali Bounaâma Khemis-Miliana (UKM), Algeria – 0.14 1 N/A
87 Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt 0.16 0.14 2 -12.2%
88 Research-Development International Centre for Husbandry in Sub-Humid Area (CIRDES), Burkina Faso – 0.14 2 N/A
89 University of Dschang, Cameroon – 0.13 3 N/A
90 Dedan Kimathi University of Technology (DKUT), Kenya – 0.13 1 N/A
91 Université Alioune Diop de Bambey (UADB), Senegal – 0.11 1 N/A
92 University of Cape Coast (UCC), Ghana 0.06 0.11 5 73.5%
93 Wolkite University (WKU), Ethiopia 0.00 0.10 2 2992.8%
94 Al-Azhar University, Egypt 0.47 0.10 2 -79.1%
95 Damanhour University, Egypt – 0.10 1 N/A
95 Djillali Liabes University (UDL), Algeria – 0.10 1 N/A
95 University of Mascara, Algeria – 0.10 1 N/A
96 Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé (UJLOG), Ivory Coast – 0.09 2 N/A
97 Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST), Uganda 0.00 0.09 2 3597.0%
98 University of Douala, Cameroon 0.52 0.08 1 -84.6%
99 Universidade Zambeze, Mozambique – 0.08 1 N/A
99 International University of Rabat (IUR), Morocco – 0.08 1 N/A
100 Botho University, Botswana 0.00 0.08 3 1372.9%
101 Constantine 1 University, Algeria 0.49 0.06 32 -87.1%
102 Arc-en-Ciel International School, Togo – 0.06 1 N/A
102 United States International University (USIU), Kenya – 0.06 1 N/A
103 Minia University, Egypt 0.19 0.06 2 -69.8%
104 Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry (UGANC), Guinea – 0.06 1 N/A
105 Wollo University, Ethiopia 0.00 0.06 2 2981.4%
106 Kenyatta University (KU), Kenya – 0.06 1 N/A
107 Covenant University, Nigeria – 0.05 1 N/A
108 Nnamdi Azikiwe University (UNIZIK), Nigeria – 0.05 1 N/A
109 University of Health and Allied Science (UHAS), Ghana 0.03 0.05 2 79.2%
110 Lúrio University, Mozambique – 0.05 1 N/A
110 Federal University Oye-Ekiti (FUOYE), Nigeria – 0.05 1 N/A
111 Nile University (NU), Egypt 0.00 0.05 1 963.0%
112 University of Kisangani (UNIKIS), Congo 0.02 0.04 2 98.4%
113 University of Gabès, Tunisia – 0.04 1 N/A
114 University of Mauritius (UOM), Mauritius 0.20 0.04 1 -82.5%
115 Pan-African University (PAU), Kenya – 0.04 1 N/A
115 Walter Sisulu University (WSU), South Africa – 0.04 1 N/A
116 Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Ghana 0.50 0.03 4 -93.3%
117 Madda Walabu University (MWU), Ethiopia 0.00 0.03 2 1736.4%
118 University of Tripoli (UT), Libya 0.00 0.03 1 664.9%
119 University of Ibadan (UI), Nigeria 0.14 0.03 4 -76.7%
120 Beni-Suef University (BSU), Egypt 1.19 0.03 1 -97.5%
121 Université Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), Ivory Coast 0.01 0.03 1 312.0%
121 Institute of Higher Educational Sciences of Huíla (ISCED-Huíla), Angola – 0.03 1 N/A
122 University of Gondar (UOG), Ethiopia 0.01 0.03 2 103.5%
123 University of Energy and Natural Resources (UENR), Ghana 0.00 0.03 1 2736.8%
123 Université Moulay-Ismaïl (UMI), Morocco 0.25 0.03 1 -89.9%
124 University of Nigeria (UNN), Nigeria 0.06 0.02 2 -63.9%
125 Mekelle University, Ethiopia 0.11 0.02 2 -81.8%
126 Marien Ngouabi University (UMNG), Congo – 0.02 1 N/A
127 University of Bamako, Mali 0.32 0.02 1 -95.2%
128 University of Lagos (Unilag), Nigeria 0.29 0.02 3 -94.9%
129 University of Monastir (UM), Tunisia 0.06 0.02 1 -73.7%
129 Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST), Namibia – 0.02 1 N/A
130 University of Liberia, Liberia – 0.01 2 N/A
131 Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Tanzania 0.07 0.01 3 -83.0%
132 Institute of Human Virology, Nigeria (IHVN), Nigeria – 0.01 1 N/A
133 École Inter-Etats des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires de Dakar (EISMV), Senegal 0.01 0.01 1 -13.3%
133 Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Kenya 0.13 0.01 1 -91.4%
134 University of Algiers - Benyoucef Benkhedda, Algeria 0.00 0.01 1 149.4%
135 Hawassa University (HU), Ethiopia 0.00 0.01 2 92.5%
136 Busitema University, Uganda – 0.01 1 N/A
137 Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Tanzania 0.39 0.01 1 -97.7%
137 Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria – 0.01 1 N/A
138 Elizade University (EU), Nigeria – 0.01 1 N/A
139 Jimma University, Ethiopia 0.00 0.01 2 50.8%
140 Arba Minch University (AMU), Ethiopia 0.13 0.01 1 -94.3%
141 Mizan Tepi University (MTU), Ethiopia 0.01 0.01 2 25.1%
142 Haramaya University, Ethiopia 0.00 0.01 2 328.6%
143 Adigrat University, Ethiopia – 0.01 1 N/A
144 Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Nigeria 0.01 0.01 2 -43.6%
145 Jigjiga University (JJU), Ethiopia 0.00 0.01 2 102.9%
146 Debre Markos University (DMU), Ethiopia 0.00 0.00 2 200.7%
147 Université Officielle de Bukavu (UOB), Congo – 0.00 1 N/A
148 Aswan University, Egypt 0.00 0.00 2 145.2%
148 University of Embu, Kenya 0.00 0.00 2 -11.8%
148 Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Nigeria 0.70 0.00 2 -99.4%
149 Aksum University (AKU), Ethiopia 0.00 0.00 1 16.0%
149 Wolaita Sodo University, Ethiopia – 0.00 1 N/A
150 Wollega University (WU), Ethiopia 0.24 0.00 1 -98.5%
150 Samara University (SU), Ethiopia – 0.00 1 N/A
150 Woldia University (WLDU), Ethiopia – 0.00 1 N/A
151 Université de Mbujimayi, Congo – 0.00 1 N/A
152 St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Ethiopia – 0.00 1 N/A
153 University of Oran, Algeria 0.17 0.00 1 -98.7%
154 Réseau Universitaire de Physique des Hautes Energies (RUPHE), Morocco – 0.00 1 N/A
155 Ambo University, Ethiopia – 0.00 1 N/A
156 Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny (INP-HB), Ivory Coast 0.00 0.00 1 -62.1%
157 Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), South Africa 0.01 0.00 1 -81.6%
157 Hassan 1er University, Morocco – 0.00 1 N/A
158 University of Benin (UNIBEN), Nigeria 0.00 0.00 1 -60.9%
158 University of Port Harcourt (UNIPORT), Nigeria 0.05 0.00 1 -97.8%
158 Olabisi Onabanjo University (OOU), Nigeria – 0.00 1 N/A
159 Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT), Egypt – 0.00 4 N/A
160 Dilla University, Ethiopia 0.00 0.00 1 -42.0%
160 Debre Tabor University, Ethiopia – 0.00 1 N/A
160 Wachemo University (WCU), Ethiopia – 0.00 1 N/A

Footnote

Each year, the Nature Index publishes tables based on counts of high-quality research outputs in the previous calendar year. Users please note:

  1. The data behind the tables are based on a relatively small proportion of total research papers, they cover the natural sciences only and outputs are non-normalized (that is, they don’t reflect the size of the country or institution, or its overall research output).
  2. The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. The metrics of Count and Share used to order Nature Index listings are based on an institution’s or country’s publication output in 82 natural-science journals through 2022, in 2023 64 health-science journals were added to the Index. The 146 journals in the Nature Index were selected on reputation by an independent panel of leading scientists in their fields.
  3. Nature Index recognizes that many other factors must be taken into account when considering research quality and institutional performance; Nature Index metrics alone should not be used to assess institutions or individuals.
  4. Nature Index data and methods are transparent and available under a creative commons licence at nature.com/nature-index/.
  5. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

The Nature Index database undergoes regular updating, corrections, adjustment of institutional hierarchies, and removal of retracted papers and thus the live website can differ from the frozen annual tables.

*The change in adjusted Share accounts for the small annual variation in the total number of articles in Nature Index journals. Share values have been adjusted to 2022 levels to calculate the percentage change. For more information on the adjustment, please see the Adjusted metric explainer.


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