2020 tables: Institutions - government

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The 2020 tables are based on Nature Index data from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019.

2019	Institution	Share 2018	Share 2019	Count 2019	Change in Adjusted Share 2018-2019 ^*
1	Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China	1726.7	1805.22	5480	1.1%
2	French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France	711.29	723.45	4433	-1.6%
3	National Institutes of Health (NIH), United States of America (USA)	393.07	394.09	981	-3.0%
4	Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain	201.24	204.85	1207	-1.5%
5	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), United States of America (USA)	190.73	161.93	824	-17.9%
6	National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), United States of America (USA)	121.25	138.07	686	10.1%
7	National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Italy	135.89	136.1	707	-3.1%
8	RIKEN, Japan	160.44	123.93	529	-25.3%
9	Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), United States of America (USA)	117.44	117.4	567	-3.3%
10	National Research Council (CNR), Italy	103.38	97.09	499	-9.2%
11	National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), United States of America (USA)	90.9	96.88	343	3.1%
12	The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), France	101.63	95.16	872	-9.4%
13	Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), United States of America (USA)	89.73	93.69	288	1.0%
14	Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Czech Republic	86.62	93.24	423	4.1%
15	Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India	92.52	91.78	150	-4.0%
16	Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), United States of America (USA)	97.99	89.62	358	-11.5%
17	Institute for Basic Science (IBS), South Korea	88.05	89.27	326	-1.9%
18	National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), France	89.5	88.97	953	-3.8%
19	U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), United States of America (USA)	82.57	86.03	313	0.8%
20	National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan	73.18	84.77	351	12.0%
21	Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), United States of America (USA)	93.99	83.94	413	-13.6%
22	Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), United States of America (USA)	66.39	75.19	379	9.6%
23	U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), United States of America (USA)	64.75	74.37	207	11.1%
24	Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore	70.08	73.4	302	1.3%
25	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), United States of America (USA)	64.14	71.72	305	8.2%
26	National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan	70.14	71.42	251	-1.5%
27	Academia Sinica, Taiwan	75.63	69.59	303	-11.0%
28	People's Liberation Army (PLA), China	71.07	68.92	278	-6.2%
29	Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Poland	53.53	62.35	342	12.7%
30	Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), India	53.26	61.26	227	11.3%
31	Medical Research Council (MRC), United Kingdom (UK)	54.67	59.5	275	5.3%
32	European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Switzerland	69.5	53.23	350	-25.9%
33	Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Switzerland	46.91	52.31	261	7.9%
34	European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Germany	51.86	46.96	283	-12.4%
35	Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), United States of America (USA)	50.84	46.91	204	-10.7%
36	Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Italy	40.42	43.98	170	5.2%
37	China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), China	36.85	43.53	138	14.2%
38	China Meteorological Administration (CMA), China	29.29	42.53	139	40.5%
39	National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), France	35.85	41.92	403	13.1%
40	Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), South Korea	34.99	40.55	171	12.1%
41	Sandia National Laboratories, United States of America (USA)	40.12	39.44	146	-4.9%
42	The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia	39.45	38.25	247	-6.2%
43	Smithsonian Institution, United States of America (USA)	34.89	38.02	285	5.4%
44	National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina	42.23	37.37	264	-14.4%
45	Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), China	23.91	34.5	136	39.6%
46	National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Japan	34.1	33.5	189	-5.0%
47	Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), Switzerland	25.59	32.75	101	23.8%
48	Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW), Austria	36.19	32.35	266	-13.5%
49	Institute of Research for Development (IRD), France	30.04	32.13	598	3.5%
50	Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS), Hungary	34.56	31.71	285	-11.2%
51	U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, United States of America (USA)	28.77	31.71	379	6.6%
52	Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), United Kingdom (UK)	34.8	31.06	440	-13.7%
53	Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG), Switzerland	30.92	30.33	89	-5.1%
54	NWO-I, the Institutes Organisation of NWO, Netherlands	29.58	28.84	321	-5.7%
55	National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), Italy	32.62	27.15	157	-19.5%
56	Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Japan	25.53	26.2	92	-0.7%
57	Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), South Korea	20.34	25.83	64	22.9%
58	National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), United States of America (USA)	25.16	25.44	76	-2.2%
59	European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), France	22.64	24.93	135	6.5%
60	Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), China	14.08	23.78	172	63.3%
61	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), United States of America (USA)	27.78	23.72	55	-17.4%
62	National Research Center Kurchatov Institute (NRCKI), Russia	29.1	23.65	292	-21.4%
63	Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), Canada	23.15	22.98	77	-4.0%
64	U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), United States of America (USA)	29.25	22.86	141	-24.4%
65	High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Japan	23.69	21.9	177	-10.6%
66	China Earthquake Administration (CEA), China	18.2	20.98	50	11.5%
67	Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain	21.8	20.87	198	-7.4%
68	Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), United States of America (USA)	20.81	19.51	131	-9.3%
69	National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), Italy	24.71	18.02	65	-29.4%
70	Brazil Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication (MCTIC), Brazil	17.17	17.72	177	-0.2%
71	National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), India	6.61	17.25	115	152.2%
72	Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Italy	16.06	16.23	133	-2.3%
73	Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Iran	14.63	16.12	110	6.6%
74	India Department of Space (DOS), India	9.97	15.91	32	54.3%
75	Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Russia	16.71	15.36	228	-11.1%
76	NERC British Antarctic Survey (BAS), United Kingdom (UK)	11.78	14.87	52	22.1%
77	IMDEA Institutes, Spain	15.9	14.66	67	-10.8%
78	Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS), Japan	14.99	14.29	88	-7.8%
79	Harish-Chandra Research Institute (HRI), India	12.92	13.83	22	3.6%
80	Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Australia	10.72	13.75	83	24.1%
81	U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), United States of America (USA)	9.08	13.4	47	42.7%
82	Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), India	19.02	12.95	104	-34.1%
83	National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing (NIBS), China	16.49	12.8	56	-24.9%
84	Jozef Stefan Institute (IJS), Slovenia	11.77	12.02	128	-1.2%
85	Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Greece	8.39	11.78	56	35.8%
86	National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Japan	7.31	11.65	37	54.1%
87	National Research Council (NRC), Canada	17.98	11.6	80	-37.6%
88	Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Germany	7.58	10.67	29	36.2%
89	National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Poland	8.1	10.19	162	21.6%
90	United Nations (UN), International	5.94	10.16	58	65.6%
91	Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Japan	11.35	9.96	99	-15.1%
92	National Museum of Natural History (MNHN), France	8.48	9.84	149	12.3%
93	Met Office, United Kingdom (UK)	14.36	9.82	31	-33.8%
94	National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Taiwan	6.03	9.71	50	55.7%
95	Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Bulgaria	8.74	9.68	120	7.1%
96	Natural History Museum, United Kingdom (UK)	9.99	9.51	56	-7.9%
97	U.S. Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), United States of America (USA)	8.39	9.22	27	6.3%
98	Swedish Museum of Natural History, Sweden	5.16	8.92	54	67.1%
99	National Science Foundation (NSF), United States of America (USA)	11.72	8.77	82	-27.6%
100	Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Switzerland	6.39	8.67	48	31.3%

Each year, the Nature Index publishes tables based on counts of high-quality research outputs in the previous calendar year. Users please note:

The data behind the tables are based on a relatively small proportion of total research papers, they cover the natural sciences only and outputs are non-normalized (that is, they don’t reflect the size of the country or institution, or its overall research output).
The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. The metrics of Count and Share used to order Nature Index listings are based on an institution’s or country’s publication output in 82 natural-science journals, selected on reputation by an independent panel of leading scientists in their fields.
Nature Index recognizes that many other factors must be taken into account when considering research quality and institutional performance; Nature Index metrics alone should not be used to assess institutions or individuals.
Nature Index data and methods are transparent and available under a creative commons licence at natureindex.com.

The Nature Index database undergoes regular updating, corrections, adjustment of institutional hierarchies, and removal of retracted papers and thus the live website can differ from the frozen annual tables.

^*The change in adjusted Share accounts for the small annual variation in the total number of articles in Nature Index journals. Share values have been adjusted to 2019 levels to calculate the percentage change. For more information on the adjustment, please see the Adjusted metric explainer.

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