2019 tables: Institutions - physical sciences

Table criteria

Region/country

Sector

Subject/journals

The 2019 tables are based on Nature Index data from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2018.

2018	Institution	FC 2017	FC 2018	AC 2018	Change in Adjusted FC 2017-2018 ^*
1	Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China	516.48	531.79	1803	2.7%
2	Max Planck Society, Germany	310.49	303.21	1008	-2.6%
3	French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France	276.6	239.82	1439	-13.6%
4	Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States of America (USA)	213.15	222.18	618	3.9%
5	Stanford University, United States of America (USA)	210.26	214.55	509	1.7%
6	The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Japan	217.58	201.92	551	-7.5%
7	Harvard University, United States of America (USA)	189.43	174.99	543	-7.9%
8	Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres, Germany	182.98	169.75	763	-7.5%
9	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Switzerland	144.75	157.84	400	8.7%
10	Tsinghua University, China	145.28	154.78	653	6.2%
11	Peking University (PKU), China	141.37	143.95	574	1.5%
12	University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (UK)	145.61	139.46	445	-4.5%
13	University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), China	122.5	130.4	477	6.1%
14	Nanjing University (NJU), China	114.75	125.55	407	9.1%
15	National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore	99.9	117.36	294	17.1%
16	Princeton University, United States of America (USA)	104.33	115.39	338	10.3%
17	University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley), United States of America (USA)	131.25	112.67	468	-14.4%
18	University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), China	73.54	112.05	664	51.9%
19	Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Russia	90.42	108.91	470	20.1%
20	Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore	113.97	108.28	272	-5.3%
21	National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Italy	115.22	107.48	513	-7.0%
22	University of Oxford, United Kingdom (UK)	116.3	105.02	366	-10.0%
23	California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States of America (USA)	102.98	104.39	346	1.1%
24	Northwestern University (NU), United States of America (USA)	87.56	102.45	269	16.7%
25	University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), United States of America (USA)	108.65	94.5	311	-13.3%
26	University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), United States of America (USA)	112.43	94.43	295	-16.3%
27	Zhejiang University (ZJU), China	79.28	94.27	290	18.6%
28	Fudan University, China	61.26	92.57	244	50.7%
29	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland	91.09	92.15	263	0.9%
30	University of Maryland, College Park (UMCP), United States of America (USA)	103.61	90.81	344	-12.6%
31	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), United States of America (USA)	95.82	87.17	441	-9.3%
32	Soochow University, China	75.72	84.62	152	11.4%
33	Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), South Korea	89.25	82.87	168	-7.4%
34	University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), United States of America (USA)	83.69	81.01	238	-3.5%
35	Imperial College London (ICL), United Kingdom (UK)	77.81	79.83	319	2.3%
36	Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), China	54.77	79.76	319	45.2%
37	The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin), United States of America (USA)	77.7	78.41	240	0.6%
38	University of Michigan (U-M), United States of America (USA)	80.75	77.22	258	-4.7%
39	Kyoto University, Japan	74.61	76.13	236	1.7%
40	Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain	90.24	75.31	497	-16.8%
41	The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), United States of America (USA)	74.6	73.59	217	-1.6%
42	Tohoku University, Japan	59.94	71.51	195	19.0%
43	Seoul National University (SNU), South Korea	71.18	71.46	219	0.1%
44	Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), India	72.36	69.96	200	-3.6%
45	Weizmann Institute of Science (WIS), Israel	72.11	68.77	199	-4.9%
46	University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego), United States of America (USA)	79.09	68.34	213	-13.8%
47	Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech), United States of America (USA)	63.23	67.96	215	7.2%
48	Cornell University, United States of America (USA)	59.25	66.85	229	12.5%
49	National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), United States of America (USA)	65.5	66.05	237	0.5%
50	Leibniz Association, Germany	66.64	65.89	242	-1.4%
51	Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), United States of America (USA)	74.9	65.84	310	-12.4%
52	Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (LMU), Germany	47.25	64.34	234	35.8%
53	University of Colorado Boulder (CU-Boulder), United States of America (USA)	55.18	63.09	240	14.0%
54	Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), China	52.87	62.54	167	17.9%
55	RIKEN, Japan	61.51	61.83	268	0.2%
56	Yale University, United States of America (USA)	51.92	61.6	212	18.3%
57	The University of Chicago (UChicago), United States of America (USA)	70.29	61.25	237	-13.1%
58	University of Toronto (U of T), Canada	55.8	61.03	186	9.1%
59	Purdue University, United States of America (USA)	58.12	61	197	4.7%
60	Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), United States of America (USA)	62.02	60.56	218	-2.6%
61	Columbia University in the City of New York (CU), United States of America (USA)	64.39	59.66	219	-7.6%
62	University of Pennsylvania (Penn), United States of America (USA)	64.77	59.04	166	-9.1%
63	Beihang University (BUAA), China	36.27	58.59	196	61.0%
64	European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Switzerland	54.76	57.4	316	4.5%
65	Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), China	51.19	55.91	147	8.9%
66	Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany	54.16	55.48	190	2.1%
67	Wuhan University (WHU), China	39.37	54.6	128	38.3%
68	University of Washington (UW), United States of America (USA)	50.41	54.53	214	7.9%
69	University of Minnesota (UMN), United States of America (USA)	46.71	52.83	176	12.8%
70	Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), United States of America (USA)	59.07	52.16	219	-12.0%
71	University of Southampton (Soton), United Kingdom (UK)	42.82	51.26	177	19.4%
72	Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (IIT), Israel	39.41	51.1	145	29.3%
73	National Research Council (CNR), Italy	57.15	50.89	257	-11.2%
74	Rice University, United States of America (USA)	58.79	50.65	191	-14.1%
75	Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC) - Paris 6, France	50.64	50.3	461	-1.0%
76	Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Netherlands	42.3	50.15	129	18.2%
77	Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), South Korea	44.26	49.55	181	11.6%
78	University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Denmark	45.56	49.54	195	8.4%
79	National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan	48.93	49.16	204	0.2%
80	Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), China	44.67	48.21	158	7.6%
81	University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison), United States of America (USA)	56.71	47.44	234	-16.6%
82	Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain	49.64	46.27	171	-7.1%
83	Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), South Korea	43.32	45.54	123	4.8%
84	Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU), China	32.85	45	133	36.6%
85	Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), China	34.66	44.62	97	28.4%
86	Utrecht University (UU), Netherlands	36.75	44.54	221	20.8%
87	University College London (UCL), United Kingdom (UK)	44.07	44	208	-0.5%
88	Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), United States of America (USA)	46.29	43.88	213	-5.5%
89	King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia	47.23	43.85	104	-7.4%
90	Institute for Basic Science (IBS), South Korea	42.78	43.76	163	2.0%
91	Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), South Korea	42.95	42.5	96	-1.3%
92	Durham University, United Kingdom (UK)	44.8	42.35	102	-5.7%
93	The Ohio State University (OSU), United States of America (USA)	37.7	42.06	216	11.2%
94	Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), Germany	49.95	41.82	175	-16.5%
95	Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics (PI), Canada	50.72	40.65	122	-20.1%
96	Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies Commission (CEA), France	45.46	40.06	393	-12.1%
97	University of Hamburg (UHH), Germany	46.14	39.58	189	-14.5%
98	Tianjin University (TJU), China	31.11	39.48	135	26.5%
99	University of Würzburg, Germany	47.58	39.45	132	-17.3%
100	U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), United States of America (USA)	49.25	38.86	138	-21.3%

Each year, the Nature Index publishes tables based on counts of high-quality research outputs in the previous calendar year. It is important for users to understand that the data behind the tables are based on a relatively small proportion of total research papers, that they cover the natural sciences only and that outputs are non-normalized (that is, they don’t reflect the size of the country or institution, or its overall research output). We encourage users to combine the free-to-access Nature Index data with information from other sources.

The annual tables for 2019 represent a set of data frozen on 13 May 2019. The Nature Index database undergoes regular updating, corrections, adjustment of institutional hierarchies, and removal of retracted papers and thus the live website can differ from the frozen annual tables.

^*The change in adjusted FC accounts for the small annual variation in the total number of articles in Nature Index journals. FC values have been adjusted to 2018 levels to calculate the percentage change. For more information on the adjustment, please see the Adjusted metric explainer.

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