2019 tables: Institutions - physical sciences

Table criteria

Region/country/territory

Sector

Subject/journals

The 2019 tables are based on Nature Index data from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2018.

2018	Institution	Share 2017	Share 2018	Count 2018	Change in adjusted Share^* 2017–2018 (%)
1	Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China	516.75	551.67	1,950	0.9%
2	Max Planck Society, Germany	311.73	323.64	1,134	-1.8%
3	French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France	278.03	255.90	1,654	-13.0%
4	Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States of America (USA)	214.16	229.52	721	1.3%
5	Stanford University, United States of America (USA)	210.45	220.19	559	-1.1%
6	The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Japan	217.70	214.35	628	-6.9%
7	Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres, Germany	186.90	185.01	912	-6.4%
8	Harvard University, United States of America (USA)	188.11	180.66	587	-9.2%
9	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Switzerland	144.79	168.10	469	9.8%
10	Tsinghua University, China	145.34	161.99	757	5.4%
11	Peking University (PKU), China	141.24	147.50	664	-1.2%
12	University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (UK)	145.72	141.98	497	-7.9%
13	University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), China	122.94	136.85	533	5.3%
14	National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Italy	116.90	133.53	693	8.0%
15	Nanjing University (NJU), China	115.11	127.80	443	5.0%
16	Princeton University, United States of America (USA)	104.40	121.78	407	10.3%
17	University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley), United States of America (USA)	131.36	118.17	523	-14.9%
18	University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), China	74.77	118.01	742	49.2%
19	National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore	99.84	117.89	299	11.7%
20	Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Russia	90.92	117.69	611	22.4%
21	Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore	113.97	113.22	284	-6.1%
22	University of Oxford, United Kingdom (UK)	116.49	111.51	431	-9.5%
23	California Institute of Technology (Caltech), United States of America (USA)	103.22	110.31	418	1.0%
24	Northwestern University (NU), United States of America (USA)	87.56	102.84	324	11.1%
25	University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), United States of America (USA)	112.47	99.63	361	-16.2%
26	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland	91.36	97.61	304	1.0%
27	Zhejiang University (ZJU), China	79.25	97.60	312	16.4%
28	University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), United States of America (USA)	108.69	97.36	362	-15.3%
29	Fudan University, China	61.46	95.34	261	46.7%
30	University of Maryland, College Park (UMCP), United States of America (USA)	103.72	94.50	439	-13.8%
31	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), United States of America (USA)	96.01	90.52	497	-10.8%
32	Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), South Korea	89.26	89.64	182	-5.0%
33	Soochow University, China	75.75	85.93	166	7.3%
34	Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), China	54.78	84.98	370	46.7%
35	University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), United States of America (USA)	83.74	83.74	277	-5.4%
36	Kyoto University, Japan	74.31	83.11	280	5.8%
37	Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain	90.33	83.07	630	-13.0%
38	Imperial College London (ICL), United Kingdom (UK)	76.44	82.49	395	2.1%
39	University of Michigan (U-M), United States of America (USA)	80.81	81.22	311	-5.0%
40	The University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin), United States of America (USA)	77.73	79.46	272	-3.3%
41	The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), United States of America (USA)	74.61	75.38	234	-4.5%
42	Tohoku University, Japan	58.69	73.98	221	19.2%
43	Weizmann Institute of Science (WIS), Israel	72.15	73.50	228	-3.7%
44	Seoul National University (SNU), South Korea	71.25	72.98	286	-3.1%
45	University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego), United States of America (USA)	79.09	72.33	270	-13.5%
46	European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Switzerland	55.38	69.35	434	18.4%
47	Cornell University, United States of America (USA)	59.25	69.21	280	10.4%
48	Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), United States of America (USA)	77.81	68.83	345	-16.4%
49	Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech), United States of America (USA)	62.23	68.63	224	4.3%
50	National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), United States of America (USA)	65.50	68.04	252	-1.8%
51	Leibniz Association, Germany	66.32	67.80	248	-3.3%
52	University of Colorado Boulder (CU-Boulder), United States of America (USA)	55.93	67.45	299	14.0%
53	RIKEN, Japan	61.52	67.14	303	3.2%
54	Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (LMU), Germany	47.34	66.58	267	33.0%
55	The University of Chicago (UChicago), United States of America (USA)	70.38	64.91	274	-12.8%
56	Yale University, United States of America (USA)	52.02	64.29	253	16.9%
57	Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), China	52.88	63.53	175	13.6%
58	University of Toronto (U of T), Canada	55.84	62.91	227	6.5%
59	University of Pennsylvania (Penn), United States of America (USA)	64.78	62.58	190	-8.7%
60	Columbia University in the City of New York (CU), United States of America (USA)	64.47	62.40	252	-8.5%
61	Purdue University, United States of America (USA)	58.15	62.32	254	1.3%
62	Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), United States of America (USA)	62.18	61.88	234	-5.9%
63	Beihang University (BUAA), China	36.34	61.65	269	60.4%
64	Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany	54.22	58.72	228	2.4%
65	Wuhan University (WHU), China	39.49	57.66	167	38.1%
66	University of Washington (UW), United States of America (USA)	50.51	57.64	260	7.9%
67	Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), China	51.19	55.93	148	3.3%
68	Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), United States of America (USA)	59.37	54.91	256	-12.5%
69	University of Southampton (Soton), United Kingdom (UK)	42.82	54.85	214	21.1%
70	Technion-Israel Institute of Technology (IIT), Israel	39.42	54.67	168	31.2%
71	University of Minnesota (UMN), United States of America (USA)	46.77	53.68	240	8.5%
72	Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), South Korea	45.02	53.67	244	12.7%
73	University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Denmark	45.67	53.20	227	10.2%
74	Rice University, United States of America (USA)	58.81	52.28	243	-15.9%
75	Sorbonne University, France	50.77	51.91	539	-3.3%
76	National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan	48.93	51.62	212	-0.3%
77	Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Netherlands	42.30	51.55	134	15.2%
78	National Research Council (CNR), Italy	57.20	51.45	270	-14.9%
79	Durham University, United Kingdom (UK)	44.80	50.88	122	7.4%
80	University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison), United States of America (USA)	56.75	48.90	305	-18.5%
81	The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), China	44.67	48.13	174	1.9%
82	Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Spain	49.69	47.19	196	-10.2%
83	Utrecht University (UU), Netherlands	36.79	46.20	282	18.7%
84	Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), South Korea	43.32	46.04	126	0.5%
85	Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), United States of America (USA)	46.45	45.89	252	-6.6%
86	The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), France	48.19	45.45	535	-10.8%
87	Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU), China	32.94	45.39	156	30.3%
88	Institute for Basic Science (IBS), South Korea	42.81	44.96	175	-0.7%
89	Heidelberg University (Uni Heidelberg), Germany	35.67	44.71	275	18.5%
90	Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), China	34.66	44.66	98	21.8%
91	King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia	47.23	44.35	105	-11.2%
92	Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), Germany	49.96	44.33	223	-16.1%
93	UCL, United Kingdom (UK)	42.57	44.30	230	-1.6%
94	The Ohio State University (OSU), United States of America (USA)	37.74	43.94	295	10.1%
95	Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics (PI), Canada	50.72	43.18	131	-19.5%
96	Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), South Korea	42.95	42.78	100	-5.8%
97	Tel Aviv University (TAU), Israel	41.72	42.57	162	-3.5%
98	Tianjin University (TJU), China	31.11	42.03	142	27.7%
99	University of Hamburg (UHH), Germany	45.83	41.22	252	-15.0%
100	University of Würzburg (JMU), Germany	47.59	40.55	152	-19.4%

Each year, the Nature Index publishes tables based on counts of high-quality research outputs in the previous calendar year. Users please note:

The data behind the tables are based on a relatively small proportion of total research papers, they cover the natural sciences only and outputs are non-normalized (that is, they don’t reflect the size of the country or institution, or its overall research output).
The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. The metrics of Count and Share used to order Nature Index listings are based on an institution’s or country’s publication output in 82 natural-science journals, selected on reputation by an independent panel of leading scientists in their fields.
Nature Index recognizes that many other factors must be taken into account when considering research quality and institutional performance; Nature Index metrics alone should not be used to assess institutions or individuals.
Nature Index data and methods are transparent and available under a creative commons licence at natureindex.com.

The Nature Index database undergoes regular updating, corrections, adjustment of institutional hierarchies, and removal of retracted papers and thus the live website can differ from the frozen annual tables.

^*The change in adjusted Share accounts for the small annual variation in the total number of articles in Nature Index journals. Share values have been adjusted to 2020 levels to calculate the percentage change. For more information on the adjustment, please see the Adjusted metric explainer.

Numerical information only is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.